- Simone Bianchi
- Original Article
Strategia diagnostica con imaging nucleare nel dolore toracico
- 1/2017-Febbraio
- ISSN 2532-1285

Simone Bianchi MD (2), Delia Lazzeretti MD (2), Noemi Renzi (1), Stefania Catarzi (1), Andrea Tognarelli (1), Chiara Gallini, MD (3), Egidio Costanzo, MD (3), Giuseppe Pepe MD (2), Simone Vanni (2), Alberto Conti (1).


Introduction
Metodi
Popolazione
Gestione dei pazienti e raccolta dati
Alterazioni non ischemiche all’ECG e all’Ecocardiogramma basali
Test da sforzo
Analisi di difetti di perfusione
Positività allo screening e diagnosi angiografica
End-point
Follow-up
Analisi statistica
Risultati
Dei 1233 pazienti che hanno eseguito un’ex-SPECT, 1225 – età 65±12 anni, 43% femmine, range 30-92 anni – sono stati arruolati nello studio a seguito dell’analisi del propensity score 1:5. Undici pazienti sono stati persi al follow-up, quindi 1214 sono i pazienti inclusi nell’analisi. Le caratteristiche di base dei pazienti stratificate per la presenza di fattori di rischio coronarico o in base agli score di rischio clinici e per la positività all’ex-SPECT sono mostrate nella Tabella 1. La Figura 1 mostra i risultati di valutazione clinica, gestione e outcome al follow-up a un anno. Era presente ipertensione nel 37% dei casi, disglicemia. – comprensiva di DM o sindrome metabolica – nel 22%, e Alterazioni ECG/Eco nel 13%. I pazienti con elevato score di rischio o disglicemia avevano un rischio maggiore di eventi cardiovascolari al follow-up. All’analisi multivariata un’ex-SPECT o un ex-ECG positivi, la presenza di Alterazioni ECG/Eco e un CHA2DS2Vasc-score >1 sono risultati predittori indipendenti dell’end-point – Tabella 2 -. L’ex-SPECT aveva la migliore sensibilità, valore predittivo negativo e accuratezza rispetto alle altre variabili, mentre la specificità era minore – Tabella 3 -. L’area sotto la curva ROC e la c-statistic dell’ex-SPECT – 0.85, 95% Intervallo di Confidenza, (IC), 0.82-0.89 – era significativamente maggiore rispetto all’ex-ECG – 0.59, IC 0.54-0.64 -, alle Alterazioni ECG/Eco – 0.66, IC 0.61-0.71 – e al GRACE score – 0.64, IC 0.60-0.68 -; p<0.001 per tutti i confronti – Figura 2 -. Nelle donne l’area sotto la curva ROC dell’ex-ECG era molto inferiore rispetto all’ex-SPECT [0.55 – IC 0.47-0.63 – vs 0.83 – IC 0.77-0.89 -, p<0.001] e la specificità era molto alta – ≥90% – nelle donne con ipertensione, DM, sindrome metabolica.
La Tabella 4 mostra le variazioni nel tempo, dal 2000 al 2014, nel ricorso all’ex-SPECT nello screening dei pazienti con DT.
Ex-SPECT, linea nera: area 0.85, 95%IC 0.82-0.89; ex-ECG, linea nera trattegiata: area 0.59, CI 0.54-0.64, Alterazioni ECG/Eco, linea grigia tratteggiata: area 0.66, CI 0.61-0.71; GRACE-score, linea grigia: area 0.64, CI 0.60-0.68; p<0.001 per tutti i confronti.
Discussion
Conclusions
Bibliografia
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